Verbesina crocata (Cav.) Less.

국표에 없다.

Synonym

Bidens crocata Cav. (McVaugh, 1984), Spilanthes crocata Sims, Platypteris crocata HBK (Nash and Williams, 1976).

 

Other common names used in Spanish

Capitaneja, capitaneja anaranjada (Martínez, 1979); Arnica Capitaneja, Palo prickly, cachanquillo (Guerrero) (Digital Library of Traditional Mexican Medicine).

 

Common Names in Indigenous Languages of Mexico

Nahuiliput (Martínez, 1979), nahuitiput (Olsen, 1988), chimalacatl (Morelos), ki'che, taamkas che' (Yucatan) (Digital Library of Traditional Mexican Medicine).

 

Notes on taxonomy

The species belongs to the section Platypteris of the genus Verbesina. The section is characterized by having opposite leaves, winged stems, and large, subglobose heads lacking ligulate flowers (Olson, 1988). The same author comments that V. crocata has a long history of taxonomic confusion, and that it has been applied to almost all the Verbesinas with orange and large heads at some point.

 

Higher taxonomic categories according to Cronquist

Kingdom: Plantae; Subkingdom: Tracheobionta (vascular plants); Superdivision: Spermatophyta (seeded plants); Division: Magnoliophyta (plants with flower); Class: Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons); Subclass: Asteridae; Order: Asterales.

 

Links to sites with taxonomy and nomenclature information

Missouri Botanical Garden's Tropics Database reports on the original publication and synonyms. It has links to distribution data according to the copies deposited in this herbarium, with the possibility of mapping them. For many species has links to floras and floristic lists, as well as images of herbarium specimens, live specimens and the original description.

 

Usually the appointment is found original of the species in the International Plant Name Index (IPNI).

 

Not found on the page of the species in the SIIT (Integrated Taxonomic Information System) of CONABIO, which is the Spanish version of the ITIS (Integrated Taxonomic Information System) of the United States Department of Agriculture, or in the database of the National Center for Taxonomy Information, National Institutes of Health, U.S.A. and also not in the PLANTS database, of the United States Department of Agriculture.

Technical description

Based on the description of McVaugh (1984) and Olson (1988).

Habit and way of life: Spreading or climbing shrub.

Size: From 1 to 8 m high.

Stem: Winged, 4 leafy wings 1 to 4 mm wide, branches 75 to 105° opposite to the main axis in the inflorescence, with thick soft hairs at the base; occasionally with a trunk up to 10 cm thick.

Leaves: Leaves mainly opposite, 8 to 16 cm long by 5 to 13 cm wide, ovate (egg-shaped) to deltoid, usually pinnate (first division of the plate) or hastated (with two triangular lobes), thickly and irregularly toothed, apex acuminate (which forms straight or convex margins ending at an angle of less than 45º), base truncated (abrupt ending) or subchordate (almost heart-shaped), lobes lateral 1 to 3 pairs, deltoid to oblong (longer than wide) 1.5 to 5 cm long, rough on the beam, with many erect, stiff hairs, with base thick and cone-shaped, on the underside decreasing the number of hairs from 0.5 to 1 mm long, especially in the veins; petiole up to 7 cm long, wings spreading on stems and also to those at the bottom of the knot.

Inflorescence: Formed of panicles of 1-5 heads with a peduncle up to 20 cm long.

Heads: Large, hemispherical to subglobose, discoid (without ligulate flowers), 2-3.5 cm wide, occasionally up to 5 cm, 1.5-2.5 cm high; peduncles (support of the inflorescences) when whitish young because of the large number of hairs, stiff, from 2 to 7.5 cm long by 1 to 2 mm thick; involucro (group of leaves (inflorescence) grayish, with bracts unequal and graduated, the outer ones shorter, linear-lanceolate, sometimes somewhat mirrored at the tip, with some stiff hairs, apex acuminate, hard base, interiors up to 13 mm long x 1.2-1.5 of width, the outer ones 3.5-4.5 mm long and 1.0 to 1.4 mm wide; linear-lanceolate, up to 12 mm long, somewhat pubescent, ciliates in the upper third.

Flowers: Disc flowers (center) 100 to 200 or more, oranges, more or less hips (stiff and long hairs), tubular 9 to 10 mm long, 1 to 1.7 mm tube long, cylindrical to slightly upward-expanded, 1 mm long throat wide, acute lobes 1 to 1.3 mm long, anthers without dark pigmentation, yellow to orange, 2.5 to 2.7 mm long, branches of the style 2 to 2.7 mm long, tapering toward the apex.

Fruits and seeds: Achene (dried fruit and does not open when ripe) obovate (egg-shaped inverted), 5.5 to 8 mm long by 3.5 to 4.5 mm wide (including wings), grey, hairless or few, whitish wings, ciliate, 0.7 to 1.5 mm wide, extended towards the two edges (up to 4.2 mm) and adnate (fusion of different organs) in the base.

Special characteristics: 2n= 17 or 18 

 

Verbesina crocata - factsheet (conabio.gob.mx)

https://youtu.be/30LeIVQg1Do?t=434