Discaria toumatou Raoul

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Discaria toumatou, commonly called matagouri, tūmatakuru, or wild Irishman, is a tangle-branched thorny shrub endemic to New Zealand. It is common throughout the South Island and is less common in the North Island.

Taxonomy

This species was described by French naturalist Étienne Raoul in 1844 from material collected in Akaroa in association with Pteridium esculentum. The generic name Discaria refers to disc-shaped flowers. The Latinised specific epithet Raoul chose, toumatou, is a corruption of the word tūmatakuru, one of the Māori names for this species, which he transcribed as "toumatou-kourou".

Etymology

The English name matagouri is another corruption of tūmatakuru. Other names in the Māori language include tūmatakuri and tūturi. Another name is "wild Irishman"; the English writer Samuel Butler in 1863 recalled "…a very uncomfortable prickly shrub, which they call Irishman, and which I do not like the look of at all."

Description

Matagouri is a tangle-branched, extremely spiny, divaricating shrub; sometimes it can grow to be a small tree up to five metres tall with rough grey bark. It is deciduous and has very small leathery leaves mostly in spring and early summer. The glossy green leaves arise at the bases of the spines, which can be several centimetres long. The spines are green when young, later turning grey. Matagouri is the only New Zealand native plant that has spines of this kind.

The flowers are tiny, scented, and white with no petals, only 4–5 triangular petal-like sepals. They appear in October–December, followed in January–March by small three-lobed green to brown fruits.

Distribution

Matagouri is common in the eastern South Island and in Chatham Island, and is found in a few coastal localities in the North Island south from the mouth of the Waikato River. It commonly forms thickets in lowland to montane tussock grassland, stony areas, sand dunes, and river beds, and occasionally in subalpine scrubland.

Discaria toumatou - Wikipedia

 

Discaria toumatou - Trees and Shrubs Online

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