Viola odorata L.

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Viola odorata is a species of flowering plant in the family Violaceae, native to Eurasia. The small hardy herbaceous perennial is commonly known as wood violet, sweet violet, English violet, common violet, florist's violet, or garden violet.

Description

Viola odorata spreads with stolons (above-ground shoots). The leaves and flowers are all in a basal rosette, and the leaf stalks have downward-pointing hairs. The flowers are normally either dark violet or white and are scented. The style is hooked (and does not end with a rounded appendage). The perennial flowers mature at a height of 4–6 in (10–15 cm) and a spread of 8–24 in (20–61 cm).

Chemistry

The plant contains the alkaloid violin, about 30 cyclotides, and triterpenoids, mostly as constituents of the essential oil.

Distribution and habitat

V. odorata is native to Europe and Asia and has been introduced to the Americas and Australia.

The species can be found near the edges of forests or in clearings; it is also a common "uninvited guest" in shaded lawns or elsewhere in gardens.

Viola odorata - Wikipedia

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