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소귀나무-Myrica rubra (Lour.) Siebold & Zucc.식물/들꽃-소귀나무과(Myricaceae ) 2023. 9. 4. 12:22
과명 Myricaceae (소귀나무과) 속명 Myrica (소귀나무속) 전체학명 [정명] Myrica rubra (Lour.) Siebold & Zucc. 추천명 소귀나무 이명 속나무 외국명 Waxberry tree,ヤマモモ Myrica rubra, also called yangmei (simplified Chinese: 杨梅; traditional Chinese: 楊梅; pinyin: yángméi; Cantonese: yeung4 mui4; Shanghainese: [ɦiɐ̃².mɛ⁴]), yamamomo (Japanese: ヤマモモ), Chinese bayberry, red bayberry, yumberry, waxberry, or Chinese strawberry (and often mistranslated from Chinese as arbutus) is a subtropical tree grown for its fruit.
Description
Myrica rubra is an evergreen tree that grows to a height of up to 10–20 m (33–66 ft) high, with smooth gray bark and a uniform spherical to hemispherical crown. Leaves are leathery, bare, elliptic-obovate to oval lanceolate in shape, wedge-shaped at the base and rounded to pointed or tapered at the apex, margin is serrated or serrated in the upper half, with a length of 5–14 cm (2.0–5.5 in) and a width of 1–4 cm (0.39–1.57 in). Leaves are alternately arranged on the branches are divided into petiole and leaf blade. The petiole is 2–10 mm (0.079–0.394 in) long. The leaf underside is pale green and sparsely to moderately golden glandular, the top surface is dark green.
The species is dioecious. Male flowers with simple or unobtrusively branched bracts, are held in inflorescences individually or occasionally in groups of a few inflorescences in the leaf axils. Female flowers are 1–3 cm (0.39–1.18 in) long, in inflorescences with bare stems, the bracts almost circular with a diameter of about 1 millimeter, and have golden glands on the underside. The male flowers are accompanied by two to four egg-shaped, sparse lanceolate leaves. Each male flower contains four to six stamens with dark red, elliptical anthers.
Female inflorescences are single with multi-flowered spikes of 0.5–1.5 cm (0.20–0.59 in)in length standing in the leaf axils. The rhachis is hairy and glandular. The cover sheets overlap, are hairless and only unobtrusively glandular. Female flowers are accompanied by four leaves. The upper ovary is velvety hairy, with a stylus with a two-lobed scar. There are two slender scar lobes that are colored bright red.
The flowering period extends from March to April in China, with fruits developing from May to June. The fruit is spherical, typically 1.5–2.5 cm (0.6–1 in) in diameter, with diameters up to 3 centimeters, a knobby surface. The surface is a thick-skinned, typically a crimson red, but may vary from white to purple, with similar or somewhat lighter flesh color. At the center is a single seed, with a diameter about half that of the whole fruit. The flesh is sweet and very tart.
형태
상록 활엽 교목, 수형:타원형.분포
일본 남부, 대만, 중국, 필리핀; 우리나라는 한라산 산록(표고 300m 이하).생육환경
토질은 사질양토로서 비옥한 적습지에서 자라며 강한 광선에서 잘 자란다. 추위에 약하지만 바닷바람이나 건조함에는 잘 견디며, 양수로서 공해에 대한 저항성이 크다.크기
높이 10m 지름 30cm.잎
잎은 가죽질이고 광택이 있으며 긴 타원상 거꿀피침형이고 예두 또는 둔두이며 좁은 예저이고 길이 5~15cm로서 가장자리가 밋밋하거나 상반부에 톱이가 있으며 털이 없고 표면은 녹색, 뒷면은 연녹색이다.꽃
꽃은 화피가 없으며 자색이고 4~5월에 피는 암수딴그루이다. 수꽃차례는 길이 3~4cm로서 각 3~4개의 수술이 있는 많은 작은포로 구성되어 포에 들어 있다. 암꽃차례는 난상 긴 타원형이고 길이 1~1.2cm로서 각 포에 1개의 암술이 들어 있다. 씨방은 1실이며 암술대는 2개이다.열매
열매는 핵과로서 구형이고 지름 1~2cm이며 익으면 어두운 붉은색으로 되고 사마귀같은 돌기로 덮여 있으며 6~7월에 익는다.줄기
나무껍질은 회색이며 오랫동안 갈라지지 않고 청갈색 반점이 있으며 일년생가지에 털이 약간 있다.뿌리
원뿌리와 곁뿌리가 발달되어 있다.수피
나무껍질은 회색이며 오랫동안 갈라지지 않고 청갈색 반점이 있다.가지
일년생가지에 털이 약간 있다.'식물 > 들꽃-소귀나무과(Myricaceae )' 카테고리의 다른 글
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