펜실베이니아소귀나무-Morella caroliniensis (f. Myrica pensylvanica)

과명	Myricaceae (소귀나무과)	속명	Myrica (소귀나무속)
전체학명	[정명] Myrica pensylvanica Mirb.	추천명	펜실베이니아소귀나무
이명		외국	Candleberry,Candleberry swamp,Bayberry,Swamp candleberry,Bayberry Northern

추천명변경: 펜실바니카소귀 -> 펜실베이니아소귀나무

Morella caroliniensis (f. Myrica pensylvanica)

Northern bayberry is a strongly aromatic shrub that thrives in sandy soil. Honestly, forget the soil, this shrub grows in straight sand and is highly useful for stabilizing dunes. Identifiable by its scent, it also produces waxy berries that are a valuable food source for wildlife late into the winter.

 

As it is so well suited to oceanside locations, bayberry is highly salt and drought tolerant, making it a fantastic plant for a sunny roadside. You will want to use a bit of care when planting bare root or potted specimins as they are susceptible to competion. Clearing the area of weeds and mulching can help the plants take hold.

 

Morella caroliniensis is a dioecious species which means male and female plants are needed within a reasonable distance in order to bear fruit. Since plants can’t be sexed until year 3-4, plan on installing at least a few different plants to try and get at least 20% male/female ratio.

 

Bayberry has a plethora of historical uses from candle making, fabric dyeing, medicinal, and current pharmaceutical usage.

Morella caroliniensis (Small bayberry) | Blue Stem Natives

Myrica caroliniensis is a shrub or small tree native to the coast and coastal plains of southeastern North America. Its common names include bayberry, southern bayberry, pocosin bayberry, and evergreen bayberry. It sees uses in the garden and for candlemaking, as well as a medicinal plant.

Taxonomy

This plant is one of several Myrica species that are sometimes split into the genus Morella, e.g. in the Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Additionally M. pensylvanica, which occurs more northerly, and this species are sometimes lumped, disregarding the putative difference that M. pensylvanica is deciduous. M. caroliniensis has several synonyms aside from the Myrica/Morella and M. pensylvanica splits: Myrica heterophylla, Cerothamnus caroliniensis, and Myrica heterophylla var. curtissii. M. caroliniensis is similar to wax myrtle, M. cerifera. These plants' leaves and scent distinguish them: wax myrtle leaves have scent glands on both sides and are fragrant when crushed, bayberry has scent glands mainly on the leaf undersides and is not markedly fragrant. Bayberry and wax myrtle hybridize.

Description

Myrica caroliniensis is a shrub or small tree adapted to a range of environments from dunes to pocosins, mostly associated with wetlands.

In nature, it ranges from Texas to Maryland on the U.S. east coast. It is difficult to distinguish from M. pensylvanica which occurs north to Canada.

Myrica caroliniensis is evergreen or tardily deciduous, forming rhizomatous colonies . The glandular leaves are long with a leathery texture and serrated edges. The plant is dioecious, with male and female flowers borne on separate plants. Male flowers have three to five stamens surrounded by short bracts. Female flowers develop into globular drupes surrounded by a waxy coating. The species flowers from spring to early summer, and bears fruit in late summer or fall.

Bayberry is an actinorhizal plant: its roots feature nitrogen fixing nodules formed in symbiosis with the nitrogen fixing actinobacterium Frankia. Thus it is tolerant of nitrogen-poor, acidic soils such as wetlands and dunes.

The fruit is a source of food for many bird species, including the northern bobwhite quail and the wild turkey. In winter, the seeds are important foods for the Carolina wren and species of tree sparrow. To a point, M. caroliniensis will also provide habitat for the northern bobwhite quail. Birds' digestive systems remove the wax from the fruit, a prerequisite for germination.

Myrica caroliniensis - Wikipedia

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