Aspidotis densa (Brack.) Lellinger,

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Aspidotis densa is a species of fern in the Cheilanthoid subfamily, known by the common name Indian's dream or Serpentine fern or dense lace fern. It is native to the west coast of North America from British Columbia to California and east to the Rocky Mountains in Idaho, Montana, and Wyoming; there is a disjunct population on serpentine soils in Quebec.

This fern has leaves on long wiry brown to black petioles (stem below the leaf), with the leaf blade occupying less than half of the total length of the leaf when including the petiole. The leaves emerge from a short creeping rhizome covered with firm narrow scales. Where the petiole joins the leaf, the stem color grades to green and acquires a groove on its adaxial (top) surface. The leaf blades are medium to dark green, sometimes with a glaucous or bluish cast. The leaf blade is triangular and composed of many pinnae which are subdivided into narrow leaflets (pinnules). The undersides of leaflets on fertile fronds are covered with sori over which the edges of the leaflet are folded to form a false indusium. Plants often have only fertile fronds, but they sometimes exhibit frond dimorphism, with sterile fronds shorter and with broader and flatter leaflets than the fertile fronds, which rise above on long petioles. The fertile frond leaflets are folded under at the edges and appear narrow and lace-like. The flat leaflets on sterile fronds have a toothed edge but the teeth are often reduced and are not easily visible on the fertile fronds, since the edges fold under to form the false indusium. Under some growth conditions only sterile fronds form. Like many ferns, new fronds are produced in spring by circinate vernation.

A. densa grows in rocky areas, usually on serpentine soils on rocky mountain slopes, well-drained but seasonally moist. It is usually found in growing full sun, but it can tolerate some shade. It can grow in rock crevices and exposed rocky outcrops in mossy cracks, and over time may creep to fill in fissures, creating well-established colonies in the outcrop. Though it grows mostly on serpentine, A. densa is also found on other rocks and soil types.[2]

Aspidotis densa - Wikipedia

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