글로리오사 수페르바

글로리오사 수페르바

Scientific Name

Gloriosa superba L.

Synonyms

Gloriosa rothschildiana O'Brien

Family

Colchicaceae

Common Names

climbing lily, creeping lily, fire lily, flame lily, gloriosa, gloriosa lily, glory lily, Rhodesian flame lily

Origin

Native to sub-Saharan Africa (i.e. Ethiopia, Somalia, Sudan, Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Senegal, Mozambique, Botswana, Namibia, Swaziland, Madagascar and South Africa), the Indian Sub-continent (i.e. India, Nepal and Sri Lanka), southern China and south-eastern Asia (i.e. Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam and Indonesia).

Cultivation

Glory lily (Gloriosa superba) has been widely cultivated as a garden ornamental, particularly in the warmer parts of the country. Several cultivars are still common in cultivation, and these are usually distinguished by the colour of their flowers. Cultivars include 'Citrina', 'Grandiflora', 'Rothschildiana' and 'Simplex', with 'Rothschildiana' the most common.

Stems and Leaves

The stems and leaves are shiny, hairless (i.e. glabrous), and light green or bright green in colour. Stems are upright (i.e. erect) at first then sprawl across the ground, clamber over other vegetation, or climb if a suitable support is within reach.

The leaves are alternately arranged along the stems, stalkless (i.e. sessile), and have entire margins. These leaves (4-25 cm long and 1.5-4.5 cm wide) are relatively narrow (i.e. lanceolate to broadly lanceolate) and usually taper to a short tendril (1-2 cm long) at the tip. These tendrils readily cling to other objects and assists the plant to climb up over vegetation.

Flowers and Fruit

The flowers are large and showy (4.5-7 cm across) with six 'petals' (i.e. perianth segments or tepals) that are red, orange and yellow in colour. These elongated 'petals' (5-8 cm long and 7-15 mm wide) have wavy (i.e. undulating) margins and are strongly bent backwards (i.e. reflexed). They are actually derived from three petals and three sepals which are almost identical in appearance. They are most commonly scarlet red or reddish-orange with yellow bases, and as they age they become entirely dull red or purplish in colour. The flowers also have six very conspicuous stamens, with large anthers (7-10 mm long) that are borne on stalks (i.e. filaments) 3-7 cm long. They also have a large style (3.5-5.5 cm long), which splits into three short branches near its tip. These flowers are borne on stalks (i.e. pedicels) 4-20 cm long that emanate from the upper leaf forks (i.e. axils). Flowering occurs mostly during summer and autumn (i.e. from October to May).

The fruit are large, fleshy, capsules (3-10 cm long and 1-2 cm wide) that turn from green to yellow and eventually dark brown as they mature. These fruit contain numerous large red seeds (4-5 mm long) that are rounded (i.e. globular) or egg-shaped (i.e. ovoid).

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