Halocarpus bidwillii (Hook. f. ex T. Kirk) Quinn

국표에 없다.

Halocarpus bidwillii, commonly known as the mountain pine or bog pine, is a species of conifer in the family Podocarpaceae. It is endemic to New Zealand and can be found throughout the North and South Islands.

It is an evergreen shrub favouring both bogs and dry stony ground, seldom growing to more than 3.5 m (11 ft) high. The leaves are scale-like on adult plants, 1–2 mm (0.039–0.079 in) long, arranged spirally on the shoots; young seedlings and occasional shoots on older plants have soft strap-like leaves 5–10 mm (0.20–0.39 in) and 1–1.5 mm (0.039–0.059 in) broad. The seed cones are highly modified, berry-like, with a white aril surrounding the single 2–3 mm (0.079–0.118 in) long seed.

Description

H. bidiwillii grows as a shrub. It grows up to 4.8 m (15.7 ft) tall and has a short trunk that Kirk noted "rarely exceeds" 1 foot in diameter, and more commonly has a thickness between 30–40 cm (12–16 in) at breast height. Its bark is red to brown and trunks have multiple branches, though will occasionally have just one. In some rare cases, as the horizontal branches grow, their roots will form a "bush" around the parent shrub. This creates a vast mini-forest that looks like a huge low tree or shrub. The parent tree may die, leaving its outliers intact which are thin and red.

Depending on the maturity of a mountain pine, the shrubs take on rather drastic differences in leaf appearance. In the juvenile state, leaves are linear, flat, and spreading, much like a pine tree, while in the mature state, its leathery leaves, 1–2 mm long, take on an overlapping scaled appearance, much like the scales of a fish. The leaves are green when fresh, but can become brown to red when they are dried out. During the flowering months of October to December, small male cones, 3–5 mm in length, are brown to red at the end of the pine's scale-like leaves. Stomata can be seen by the naked eye and seen as white spots. Pollen particles are solitary, terminal, ca. 3–5 mm long. Appendage is adnate to base of carpel, cortex, inverted, with a drooping ovule. The fruit of mountain pine consists of a dark brown, black-brown to purple-brown seed in a fleshy, waxy white cup. Seeds are 2–3 mm long, subglobose, compressed, with a white to yellow aril. The aril is V-shaped under the seed. Seeds are hairless, smooth, 3–4.5 mm long (including arils), and take on a dark brown or dark brown to dark purple brown appearance; seeds are also typically shiny, oval oblong, and compressed.

Bog pines are easily recognized when fruiting by the waxy white (very slightly yellowish) arils subtending the seed. Vegetatively compared with other species of Halocarpus, mountain pines have growth habits of smaller multibranched shrubs to small trees, weak keel-shaped leaves, and more slender, initially quadrangular branchlets. The seeds of the mountain pine are distinguished from H. biformis (with which it often confused with) by the ventral and dorsal surfaces which are usually significant longitudinally grooved (sometimes only on the ventral surface).

Halocarpus bidwillii - Wikipedia

 

Halocarpus bidwillii • New Zealand Plant Conservation Network (nzpcn.org.nz)

https://youtu.be/hZKIozK1H68?t=944