Tolmachevia integrifolia (Raf.) Á.Löve & D.Löve

Accepted Scientific Name: Rhodiola rosea L.
Sp. Pl. 2: 1035. 1753 [1 May 1753] L.

Origin and Habitat: Northern, central and southern Europe, including Britain and much of the Arctic, (West-wards to the Pyrenees, east-wards to southern Bulgaria), Russia (Ural, Siberia), Asia (Mongolia, northern China, Korea, Japan, Sakhalin, Kuriles), Northern America (northern USA and Canada), Greenland.
Altitude range: 0-1900 metres above sea level.
Habitat and ecology: Crevices of mountain rocks, moist, rocky ledges and talus of coastal cliffs, further south on mountains. It is in flower from May to August, and the seeds ripen from Jul to August. The flowers are pollinated by Bees and flies.

Synonyms:

• Rhodiola rosea L.

Common Names include:
ENGLISH: rosewort, arctic root, golden root, rose root, king

 

Description: Rhodiola roseaSN|34514]]SN|34514]] is a glabrous perennial succulent herb growing from 5 to 40 cm tall, and has several stems growing from a short, scaly rootstock. Flowers have 4 sepals and 4 petals, yellow to greenish yellow in colour sometimes tipped with red, about 1 to 3.5 millimetres long, and blooming in summer. Plants are mostly dioecious (individual flowers are either male or female, but only one sex is to be found on any one plant so both male and female plants must be grown if seed is required).
Rootstock: Erect or spreading, 5-25 mm in diameter. The root exhales the odour of the rose
Stems: Floral stems branched at the base, or simple, erect or ascending, glabrous and somewhat glaucous, deciduous growing from the same thick root may reach 5 to 40 cm in height and 2-6 mm in diameter.
Leaves: Sessile. Blades pale green, usually glaucous, ovate to or slightly obovate or oblong, margins toothed or sometimes almost entire, apex acute to obtuse, narrowed or rounded at the base, 10-50 mm long 4-15 mm wide, the lower ones smaller.
Inflorescences : Terminal. The numerous flowers (up to 150) are nearly sessile, crowded in a dense corymbose cyme, to 6.5 cm in diameter. Pedicels ca. 3 mm long.
Flowers: Yellowish-green or purplish. Mostly unisexual (dioecious), buy occasional plants may have both staminate and pistillate flowers in the same cyme. Flowers are 4(-5)-merous. Sepals linear-oblong or lanceolate, narrower and shorter than the petals, unequal, 1-2.5 mm long. Petals pale yellow to greenish yellow, sometimes red at tips, oblong, 1-3.5 mm long, shorter than stamens, in staminate flowers spreading, hooded, 0.7-1.1 mm wide, in pistillate erect. Staminate flowers with 8 (rarely 10) stamens, the pistillate ones with 4 (rarely 5) carpels. The plant is not self-fertile.
Fruits (follicles): 4-9 mm long; beaks spreading.
Seeds: Reddish brown to purple, winged at both ends, pyriform, 1.7-2.2 mm long and 0.5-0.7 mm wide. The seeds form capsules during the second half of the summer. Under natural conditions, the ripened seeds fall in August and September.
Chromosome number: 2n = 22.
Remarks: Linnaeus used the epithet "Rosea" as a feminine noun (does not decline with the gender of the genus).

Tolmachevia integrifolia (llifle.com)

Rhodiola integrifolia - Wikipedia

Pink & Red Wildflowers - Rocky Mountain National Park (U.S. National Park Service) (nps.gov)