베르나용담-[정명] Gentiana verna L.

과명	Engler- APG Ⅳ- Gentianaceae (용담과)
속명	Gentiana (용담속)
전체학명	[정명] Gentiana verna L.
추천명	베르나용담
영문명	Spring gentian,Gentian Spring,Gentian Star

Gentiana verna, the spring gentian, is a species of flowering plant in the family Gentianaceae, and one of its smallest members, normally only growing to a height of a few centimetres.

The short stem supports up to three opposing pairs of elliptical or lanceolate leaves. The conspicuous vivid blue (sometimes purplish-red or rarely white) flowers are 1–2 cm in diameter, with a deeply five-lobed corolla; they are produced in late spring to early summer. The flowers attract butterflies and bees (particularly bumblebees) for pollination. Ants are responsible for the spreading of its seeds.

Distribution

G. verna is one of the most widespread gentians, found on sunny alpine meadows throughout Eurasia, from Ireland to Russia. It is common in central and southeastern Europe, such as in low mountain ranges like the Jura and Balkans, and up to an altitude of 2,600 m (8,500 ft). It is also to be found in mountainous regions ranging from the High Atlas of Morocco to the mountains of Turkey, Iraq and Iran. In northern Europe, it is very rare, confined to Teesdale in northern England and a handful of locations in western Ireland. It tends to thrive on dry meadows with chalky soil; it is also known to grow in silicaceous soils. Its scarcity has led to protection in a number of European countries as an endangered species.

Symbolism

It is the county flower of Durham in the United Kingdom. It was first found in Britain by the botanist John Harriman.

A drawing of Gentiana verna by Holly Somerville is the logo for the botany department in Trinity College Dublin.

Gentiana verna appeared on the design of a Great Britain stamp, issued in 1964 to mark the 10th International Botanical Congress held in Edinburgh.

Writer and botanist Stevan Jakovljević eulogized the flower in its Latin name at the end of his trilogy Srpska trilogija which writes of the Serbian soldiers who died during the Battle of Kajmakčalan and the Macedonian front during World War I (the flower grows on the soldiers' graves in the mountains of Kajmakčalan).

The flower is associated with the Alps, and gave its name to the trans-Alpine Blauer Enzian ("Blue Gentian") express train between Germany and Austria.

[영국 더럼 주의 카운티 꽃으로 식물학자 존 해리먼에 의해 영국에서 처음 발견되었다.
Holly Somerville의 Gentiana verna 그림은 Trinity College Dublin의 식물학과 로고입니다.
Gentiana verna는 에딘버러에서 개최된 제 10 차 국제 식물 학회를 기념하기 위해 1964 년에 발행된 영국 우표의 디자인에 등장했습니다.
작가이자 식물학자인 스테반 야코블레비치(Stevan Jakovljevich)는 제1차 세계대전 당시 카즈마카알란 전투와 마케도니아 전선에서 전사한 세르비아 군인들에 대해 쓴 3부작 "스르프스카 삼부작"(Srpska trilogija)의 마지막에 이 꽃을 라틴어 이름으로 칭송했다(이 꽃은 카즈마카알란 산에 있는 군인들의 무덤에서 자란다).
이 꽃은 알프스 산맥과 연관되어 있으며, 독일과 오스트리아 사이의 트랜스 알파인 블라우어 엔지안("블루 젠티안") 급행열차에 이름을 붙였다.]

 

Gentiana verna - Wikipedia

https://youtu.be/owoQBuZn5h0?t=26