상제각선인장-[정명] Lophocereus schottii (Engelm.) Britton & Rose

과명	앵글러- Cactaceae (선인장과)
속명	Lophocereus (로포케레우스속)
전체학명	[정명] Lophocereus schottii (Engelm.) Britton & Rose
추천명	상제각선인장
영문명	Cactus Whisker

Origin and Habitat: Lophocereus schottiiSN|8344]]SN|8344]] is native to the desert regions of mainland Mexico in the states of Baja California, Baja California Sur, Sinaloa and Sonora. Small populations also occur in the extreme south of Arizona. The monstrous form is restricted to a small area NE of El Arco, about halfway down the Baja peninsula.
Altitude range: It grows from sea level to 800 m asl.
Habitat: It tends to grow in colonies in favourable locations in dunes, stream shores, thin soil and on rocky hillsides. It grows mainly on alluvial plains in dry gravely soils and in desert riparian environments, but its northern limit in southern California can get frosts that can occur on the flat sites where it grows. Here plants are smaller in size than their more southerly counterparts. Reproduction in this part of its range is predominantly asexual and occurs either by the dispersal of stems in the immediate vicinity of parents, or by the long-distance transport of detached stem pieces downstream by floodwaters. Wild plants are heavily weathered and badly marked with just the newest growing tips in good condition. In Arizona and Sonora it occurs in desert scrub. The northern distribution is limited by freezing temperatures The species is abundant, in some places exceedingly so, and widely distributed. The population is generally stable, although perhaps declining on the continent (not on islands or peninsula). Land transformation for agriculture (mainly on the continent, and parts of the peninsula), and resort development along the coast are the main threats affecting this cactus.
Ecology: Lophocereus schottiiSN|8344]]SN|8344]] schottii has recently been found to have an obligate mutualistic association with a pyralid moth, Upiga virescens, which pollinates the small flowers and lays its eggs in them so that the larvae can develop by feeding on the fruit tissues. Females of this moth collect pollen on specialized abdominal scales and actively deposit pollen on the stigmas of sinita flowers. As much as 90% of the fruit set may be due to these moths. Patrolling ants attracted to extrafioral nectaries in the ar-eoles may provide protection from herbivorous insects. Birds and ants remove the pulp and seeds, leaving only the hollowed fruit case.

Common Names include:
ENGLISH: Old man cactus, Senita cactus, Totem cactus (A cultivated monstrose form), Whisker Cactus
MAYO (Mayo): Musue
ÓPATA (Tegüima): Temi
O\'ODHAM or PAPAGO-PIMA (O\'odham ñiok): Ce:mĭ
SERI (Cmiique iitom): Hasahcápöj
SPANISH (Español): Cabeza vieja, Hombre viejo, Pitaya barbona, Cinita, Senita, Cina, Garambullo, Mochi, Sina, Sinita, Tuna barbona, Viejo
YAQUI (Yoem Noki): Museo

Description: Lophocereus schottiiSN|8344]]SN|8344]] is a slow-growing usually trunkless cactus that forms numerous tall, ascending, columnar stems which branch mostly at or near the base in a candelabra-like arrangement.

Stems: Usually 2-4 metres tall (but can grow up to 7 m high), 8 to 16 cm in diameter, mostly erect and slightly tapering toward the upper part reproductive part which do not exceeds 5-10 cm in diameter, grey-green with a waxy bloom on the surface. A distinctive characteristic of this species is that the cut stem surfaces quickly turn black.
Ribs: Ribs in juvenile and young stems are fewer 5-6(rarely 7) and widely-spaced, ribs in the upper thinner (fertile) portion of the stem increase in number to 6-8. Occasionally the ends of stems will spiral a little or dramatically in a right or left hand manner Such top cuttings are much prized by enthusiasts, fetching high prices.
Areoles: In the bottom part of the stems are oval and bears white wool.

Spines: One of the most distinguishing features is that the tips of the mature (fertile), taller stems are covered with about twenty sharp long, hairlike, strongly twisted grey bristles often 4-10 cm long. In contrast to the long spines at the tips of mature stems, the juvenile plants have only about five short conical spines as short as 5-7 mm, thick, rigid, not twisted.
Flowers: This species blooms in the apical 'hairy' part of the stems. Flowers are nocturnal, open at dusk and continue until early morning when the sun burns them out, but on cool days (e.g.. in March) sometimes remaining open part of the day. They are 3-5 cm long, 4-4.5 cm wide greenish white on the underside and pinkish white inside, and emit an unpleasant odour.
Blooming season: One or several flowers are produced from each areole during most of the year, mainly from (March-)April to September(-December).
Fruits: The edible fruits are rounded, mostly 2.3-4.0 cm in diameter, as red as ripe strawberries (with a red pulp), spineless or nearly so and are seldom seen. Fruiting April-December. the peak often in June when the upper stems may be loaded with fruits.
Seeds: Blackish. 2.2-2.8 mm in diameter, shiny, and smooth.

Lophocereus schottii (llifle.com)

 

https://youtu.be/_IA9IPsGvWU?t=925