Nothofagus codonandra (Baill.) Steenis

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GEOGRAPHICAL AREA

This species is endemic to New Caledonia and much of its distribution is concentrated in the southern part of the island, from 150 m above sea level. The species extent of occurrence (EOO) of 5,248 km2. Records indicate the species has 12 locations.

POPULATION

Nothofagus populations, including that of this species, are largely made up of older individuals of a similar age. The overall population size is not known but population is considered to be in decline due to the growing occurrence of fire in the region which threatens the species.

HABITAT

The species grows to 25–35 m in height and is usually found in wet riverine areas at low altitudes in the south of the island. It has been recorded infrequently on greywacke and schists but in these cases it is often confined to skeletal soils on ridge tops (Veblen et al. 1996). Within a Nothofagus forest, there is often little overlap between species stands. The under canopy of trees typically occur 5–10 m lower often containing species that comprise the upper canopy in mixed rain forest. This layer commonly includes several genera in the families Podocarpaceae, Araliaceae, Cunoniaceae, Lauraceae, Myrtacee, Sapindaceae, Euphorbiaceae and Apocynaceae along with many species (Veblen et al. 1996). Nothofagus species require large scale disturbance to the forest canopy and ideal growth conditions to encourage regeneration but some regeneration is being seen at some sites, for some species.

endemia.nc - Nothofagus codonandra

Nothofagus, also known as the southern beeches, is a genus of 43 species of trees and shrubs native to the Southern Hemisphere in southern South America (Chile, Argentina) and Australasia (east and southeast Australia, New Zealand, New Guinea, and New Caledonia). The species are ecological dominants in many temperate forests in these regions. Some species are reportedly naturalised in Germany and Great Britain. The genus has a rich fossil record of leaves, cupules, and pollen, with fossils extending into the late Cretaceous period and occurring in Australia, New Zealand, Antarctica, and South America.

The leaves are toothed or entire, evergreen or deciduous. The fruit is a small, flattened or triangular nut, borne in cupules containing one to seven nuts.

The following is a list of species, hybrids and varieties accepted by the Plants of the World Online as at April 2020:[10]

• Nothofagus aequilateralis (Baum.-Bod.) Steenis (New Caledonia)
• Nothofagus alessandri Espinosa (Central Chile)
• Nothofagus alpina (Poepp. & Endl.) Oerst. (Argentina South, Chile Central, Chile South)
• Nothofagus antarctica (G.Forst.) Oerst. (Argentina South, Chile Central, Chile South)
• Nothofagus balansae (Baill.) Steenis (New Caledonia)
• Nothofagus baumanniae (Baum.-Bod.) Steenis (New Caledonia)
• Nothofagus betuloides (Mirb.) Oerst. (Argentina South, Chile South)
• Nothofagus brassii Steenis (New Guinea)
• Nothofagus carrii Steenis (New Guinea)
• Nothofagus cliffortioides (Hook.f.) Oerst. (New Zealand North, New Zealand South)
• Nothofagus codonandra (Hook.f.) Oerst. (New Caledonia)

Nothofagus - Wikipedia

 

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