후밀리스카매롭스-Chamaerops humilis L.

후밀리스카매롭스

 

 

과명	Arecaceae(야자나무과)	속명	Chamaerops (카매롭스속)
전체학명	Chamaerops humilis L.	추천명	후밀리스카매롭스
이명	카마에로프스 후밀리스	외국명	Palm Dwarf fan,Palm European fan,Palm Hair,Palm Windmill,Palmetto,Dwarf fan

 

 

Chamaerops is a genus of flowering plants in the palm family Arecaceae. The only currently fully accepted species is Chamaerops humilis, variously called European fan palm, or the Mediterranean dwarf palm. It is one of the more cold-hardy palms used in landscaping in temperate climates.

 

Chamaerops humilis is a shrub-like clumping palm, with several stems growing from a single base. It has an underground rhizome which produces shoots with palmate, sclerophyllous leaves.

The stems grow slowly and often tightly together, eventually reaching 2–5 m (10–20 ft) tall with a trunk diameter of 20–25 cm (8–10 in). It is a fan palm (Arecaceae tribe Corypheae), and as such, has leaves with petioles terminating in rounded fans of 10–20 leaflets. Each leaf is up to 1.5 m (5 ft) long, with leaflets 50–80 cm (20–30 in) long. The petioles are armed with numerous sharp, needle-like spines; these may protect the stem growing point from browsing animals.

The flowers are borne in dense, short inflorescences at the tops of the stems. The plants usually, but not invariably, are dioecious with male and female flowers on separate plants. The prophyll covers the flowers on the inflorescence until the sexual phase (anthesis) and then splits open apically into two triangular lobes. The number of flowers per inflorescence is highly variable for both male and female plants, depending on the size of the inflorescence. Female flowers are tri-ovulate. Unripe fruits are bright green, turning to dull yellow to brown as they ripen during autumn (September–November). The seed (usually 0.6–0.8 g or ⁄₅₀–⁄₁₀₀ oz) contains a small cylindrical embryo, which is surrounded by several layers, from inner to outer as follows:

• a nutritious endosperm,
• a wide woody layer or endocarp,
• a fleshy and fibrous mesocarp (the pulp), and
• the thin outer layer or exocarp.

Chamaerops humilis is one of only two palm species native to southern Europe, the other being Phoenix theophrasti. It is mainly found in southwestern Europe (Malta, Sicily, over all the Mediterranean coast of Spain and Portugal, central and southern Italy, some parts of the southern Mediterranean coast of France and Monaco, as well as northwest Africa (Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia).It is the northernmost naturally occurring palm in the world, with the northernmost standing at Hyères-les-Palmiers, at 43° 07′ N.