Senna candolleana (Vogel) H.S.Irwin & Barneby

국표에 없다.

Senna candolleana, caper or quebracho is a shrub used as an ornamental plant with flowers within the subfamily Caesalpinioideae.

Distribution and habitat

Senna candolleana is endemic to Chile. It is distributed from the Coquimbo Region to the Libertador General Bernardo O'Higgins Region. It grows in interior valleys from altitudes up to 700 m a.s.l. 

 

Description

It is a shrub that, naturally, reaches a height of 1 - 5 meters. With a rounded crown and dense foliage, with globose shape and thick, semi-leathery leaves composed of 6 or 7 pairs of leaflets and 10 cm long. The flowers are striking, of a yellow color, gathered in inflorescences (Corymb), with flowering from winter to early summer. The fruit is a narrow legume, long and indehiscent, with the seeds separated by partitions. Its ripening occurs in autumn.

Uses

It has a great ornamental value, for its striking flowers. It is used to shade livestock.

Senna candolleana - Wikipedia

General Information

Bushy shrubs and small trees at anthesis 2-5 m, with smooth green, obtusely angulate, densely leafy hornotinous branchlets, appearing glabrous but the young stems (often), the pulvinules of lfts and the raceme-axis with pedicels finely strigulose-pilosulous with gray hairs up to 0.2-0.4 mm, the foliage subconcolorous, the racemes all axillary to developed lvs but sometimes crowded toward apex of branchlets to form a small immersed or barely exserted panicle.Stipules erect herbaceous linear-oblanceolate or linear-attenuate 6-14 x 0.6-1.4 mm, entire or rarely toothed on side further from petiole, deciduous before the lf.Lvs 7.5-14 cm; petiole including swollen but firm pulvinus 1.5-2.7 cm, at middle 0.7-1.3 mm diam, obtusely 3-ribbed dorso-laterally, narrowly sulcate ventrally; rachis 3.5-8.5 cm, the longer interfoliolar segments 9-17 mm; gland between proximal pair sessile or stoutly short-stipitate, in profile 1.4-2.3 mm tall, the ovoid or oblong-ovoid obtuse or subacute (much eaten) body 0.4-0.7 mm diam; pulvinules 1.6-2.7 mm; lfts 4-7 pairs, moderately accrescent distally (the penultimate pair sometimes longest), in outline oblong or oblong-obovate emarginate, less often broadly obovate emarginate, the longest pair (2.3-)2.8-4.5 x 0.9-1.7 cm, (2-)2.4-3.1 times as long as wide, at strongly asymmetric base rounded or subcordate on proximal and cuneately decurrent on distal side, the margin plane, the centric midrib immersed or almost so above, cariniform beneath, the 6-9 pairs of major camptodrome and intercalary secondary veins with tertiary connecting and reticular venules all ± raised on both sides, strongly so beneath.Racemes rather densely 15-30-fld, the commonly several simultaneously expanded fls raised nearly to level of the erect buds, the axis together with peduncle becoming ±6-9 cm; bracts subulate or linear-lanceolate 2-5 mm caducous; pedicels at and after anthesis 1.7-2.7 cm; fl-buds subsymmetrically obovoid, glabrous or puberulent at base; sepals subpetaloid yellowish, finely veined, obovate obtuse, strongly graduated, the outermost 4.5-6.5 mm, the longest inner one 7.5-11.5 mm; petals (of Coluteoideae) glabrous golden-yellow drying pale yellow or stramineous brown-veined, the longest 12-17 mm; androecium glabrous, the staminodes 1-1.3 mm wide, the filaments of 4 median stamens 1.4-2.4 mm, of 2 latero-abaxial ones dilated 7.5-10.5 mm, of the sterile centric abaxial one ±4 mm, the anthers of 4 median stamens 4-5 x 1.1-1.3 mm, almost straight, of 2 long abaxial ones lunately lanceolate in profile 5.5-6 x 1.3-1.5 mm, of the centric abaxial one 4-6.5 x 0.5-0.9 mm, the 6 fertile anthers obscurely strangulate just below apex, there truncate and 2-porose; ovary strigulose; style glabrous 2-2.5 mm, slightly incurved and tapering distally, 0.15-0.2 mm diam at the terminal minute stigmatic cavity.Pod erratically ascending or obliquely declined, the stout stipe 3-4 mm, the body linear in outline, commonly a little decurved 6-9.5 x 0.6-0.7 cm, when fully mature terete or strongly turgid, the sutures little prominent often irregularly undulate, the thick green convex, ultimately coriaceous brown or blackish valves corrugated by shallow depressions at each interseminal septum, externally vein- less, the septa usually broad and complete, the pulpless seed-locules 2.5-4 mm long; seeds transverse uniseriate, turned with broader face to the septa, plumply obovoid or oblong-obovoid 4.2-5.3 x (2.6-)2.8-3.6 mm, the smooth testa dark brown around the periphery, paler on the faces, the pale patch sometimes differentiated into a shadowy areole, when fully ripe either dull or lustrous, lacking a waxy exocarp.—Collections: 16.

• Provided by: [B].Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden

Senna candolleana (Vogel) H.S.Irwin & Barneby (worldfloraonline.org)

 

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