Wachendorfia paniculata Burm.

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Wachendorfia paniculata is a species of plant of 10–90 cm (3.9–35.4 in) high, that emerges during the winter from an underground rootstock. It has entire, sword-shaped, mostly hairy, line- to lance-shaped, straight or sickle-shaped leaves, set in a fan at ground level with a lax to dense panicle consisting of pale apricot to yellow mirror-symmetric flowers with six tepals, three stamens and a undivided style that curves either to the right or left. The species is assigned to the bloodroot family. Flowering occurs between August and December at sea level, and until early February at high altitude, with a distinct peak from September to November. It can only be found in the Cape provinces of South Africa. Like other species of Wachendorfia, it is called butterfly lily in English and rooikanol or spinnekopblom in Afrikaans, and this species in particular is also called koffiepit in Afrikaans.

Description

Koffiepit is a perennial herbaceous plant of 10–90 cm (3.9–35.4 in) high, that emerges from a roughly egg-shaped, red rootstock of up to 5 cm (2.0 in) in diameter. Its dull to yellowish green, line- to narrowly lance-shaped or broadly sickle-shaped leaves of 1–7 mm (0.039–0.276 in) wide and 5–35 cm (2.0–13.8 in) long, each have three veins, may be hairy or hairless, appear annually during the winter half year and die when the plant releases its seed to survive the dry, hot summer. The flowering stem is densely covered in short, simple hairs, may sometimes reach a height of 1 m (3.3 ft) and is 3–15 mm (0.12–0.59 in) in diameter. The inflorescence is a lax or dense panicle with 5-20 scorpiioid cymes, each of which contains up to seven flowers. The bracts at each branching are 5–50 mm (0.20–1.97 in) long, dry, brown and papery in consistency during flowering, more of less enclose the base of the branch and have a tip that tapers to a long point with concave edges, which is often recurved.

The mirror-symmetrical, slightly scented perianth has six apricot, orange or pale to bright yellow tepals of 13–31 mm (0.51–1.22 in) wide and 4–16 mm (0.16–0.63 in) wide (on average 21×10 mm) that sometimes have a row of regularly spaced hairs of equal length along their margin. The lower three tepals are free and the lower central tepal is often wider than the others. The upper central tepal is often shorter, narrower, curved at the top and with brownish hair on the back comparable to the hair on the pedicel. The upper three tepals often have dark markings, and have merged with each other at their base, which is the location of the two nectaries. The three stamens are two thirds to three quarters of the length of the tepals and spread widely. The anthers at the tip of the stamens are 2–3 mm (0.079–0.118 in) long and 0.8–1.0 mm (0.031–0.039 in) wide. The style is conspicuously diverted to either the right or left, opposite two of the stamens and 15–21 mm (0.59–0.83 in) long, which is as long as the shortest of the three stamens. The fruit is a sharply three-lobed capsule of about 1 cm (0.39 in) high and 0.5 cm (0.20 in) in diameter. Each of the three cavities contains one spherical, brown seed of about 2 mm (0.079 in) in diameter that is covered in coarse hairs.

The base chromosome number is 15 (n=15).

Wachendorfia paniculata - Wikipedia

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