Pleuranthodium piundaundense (P.Royen) R.M.Sm.

국표에 없다.

2. Pleuranthodium piundaundense (P.Royen) R.M.Sm. — Fig. 4 Pleuranthodium piundaundense (P.Royen) R.M.Sm. (1991) 65. — Riedelia piundaundensis P.Royen (1979) 875, t. 294. — Psychanthus piundaundensis (P.Royen) R.M.Sm. (1990) 81. — Type: M.M.J. van Balgooy 584 (holo L (barcodes L 0041159–61); isoA, CANB n.v., K, LAE, SING), Papua New Guinea, Eastern Highlands, Pindunde [corrected to Piundaunde in Van Royen (1979)] Valley, above Kombugomambuno, 3350 m, 7 June 1965. Etymology. The epithet refers to the Piundaunde valley with the two lakes Piunde (c. 3600 m) andAunde (c. 3700 m) on the slopes of Mt Wilhelm above the type locality. Terrestrial herb in clump. Rhizome fleshy, 3–4 cm across, shortcreeping. Leafy shoot to 3–4.3 m long; bases 6–7 cm apart, to 3 cm across; sheath longitudinally ribbed, pale yellow-green tinged brown, glabrous except pubescent below ligule, lowermost sheaths decaying with age; ligule shallowly bilobed, 2–3.5 mm long, reddish brown, pubescent, margin finely ciliate; petiole to 6 mm long, reddish brown, glabrous; lamina ovate to elliptic, 15–33 by 5–11 cm, mid-green, beneath pale green with reddish midrib, glabrous, base rounded to cuneate, margin ± pilose with antrorse hairs, apex acutely subcaudate. Inflorescence terminal, 12–26 cm long; free part of peduncle ascending at first, later pendulous, slightly trigonous in crosssection, 6–13 cm long, pale green, very minutely to minutely pilose; peduncular bracts 3, cucullate, enclosing the young inflorescence, decreasing in size towards inflorescence: most distant one leaf-like, to 18 by 6 cm, rounded at apex, proximate bracts linear, 1.5–4.5 cm long, with involute appendage, caducous, all bracts yellow, turning reddish brown when dead, glabrous except for dense silky pubescence on apical appendage; spike ovoid-ellipsoid, 6.5–13 by 5–7 cm, composed of a 4–12 cm long rachis with numerous flowers, flowering starting from base. Flower c. 5 cm long, not resupinate; pedicel 2–3.5 mm long, pale red, minutely pilose; calyx 18–20 mm long, pale yellow-green, glabrous, smooth, leathery, margins scarious, sometimes sparsely fimbriate, bilobed, without appendages; floral tube 22–28 mm long, yellow to pale orange-yellow, externally glabrous, internally glabrous near base, colliculate to echinate towards insertion of lobes; corolla lobes bright yellow or orange, sometimes tinged green at base, glabrous, slightly longer than labellum; dorsal lobe 15–17 by 5–8 mm, c. 2 mm shorter than anther, oblong-elliptic, with rounded and cucullate apex; lateral lobes c. 11 by 7–8 mm, dorsal margin involute; labellum infundibuliform, c. 6 by 10 mm almost entirely adnate to stamen, pale orange, margin erect, wavy and glabrous, central lobe bilobed (incision c. 3 mm deep); stamen 7–8 mm long, cream; filament ventrally colliculate along central furrow, c. 3 by 4–5 mm, glabrous; anther broadly elliptic, c. 5 by 4 mm, apex emarginate; thecae dehiscing along their entire length, cream, glabrous; ovary ellipsoid or ovoid, trigonous, 4–7 by 3.5–5 mm, red, glabrous; epigynous gland enclosing the style from one side, irregularly bilobed, verrucose, c. 1.2 by 2 mm; style c. 4.7 cm long, cream, glabrous; stigma claviform, glabrous, 0.8 by 1.3 by 0.7 mm, pointing downwards, apex with a transverse, bilabiate ostiole, glabrous, c. 0.4 mm wide. Infructescence terminal, pendulous, free part of peduncle 10–17 cm long, bracts caducous leaving scars except for most distal 1 (or 2); fruit head cylindrical, to 18 by 6 cm; pedicel to 1 cm long, spreading, capsule ellipsoid, clearly trigonous (with 3 distinct ridges), fleshy, 3–3.5 by 1–1.3 cm, red, glabrous, splitting lengthwise from apex in 3 parts along ridges, calyx persistent; seeds 3–5 per locule, irregularly folded to ruminate, 3–5 by 4–5 mm, green with small red aril at base. Distribution — Pleuranthodium piundaundense is endemic to Papua New Guinea and has mainly been recorded on the lower slopes of Mt Wilhelm, Chimbu Province, but also at Mt Kerigomna (Eastern Highlands Province) and at Mt Hagen (Western Highlands Province). Habitat & Ecology — This species occurs in montane forest and on stream banks in moss forest. At Mt Wilhelm it has been collected between 3000–3600 m. During the collecting of A.D. Poulsen et al. 3023 in April 2016, it was found fruiting only at 3100 m and the only flowering shoot was encountered 200 m higher. It has also been collected once at Mt Hagen at 2580 m. Flowering and fruiting occur from mid-March to midOctober. Ethnobotany — When collecting A.D. Poulsen et al. 3023, the local guide, William Banda, relayed the information that this species is called anger keneh yaundo (in the Kuman language: anger = arrow, keneh = head, yaundo = leaf). This refers to the shape of the spike resembling an arrowhead. The leafy shoots are used for constructing walls of bush huts. Conservation status — The species is well documented, grows in areas with low human impact and is not harvested beyond subsistence scale, which would not involve destruction of whole individuals. It is therefore to be considered Least Concern (LC) according to IUCN (2019).

The <i> Pleuranthodium</i> (<i>Zingiberaceae</i>) of Mount Wilhelm, Papua New Guinea (naturalis.nl)

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